In this example, we measured the longitudinal frequencies across the widths of some ceramic parts. These parts were thin square plates. Because the parts were square, the difference in longitudinal frequencies gave a measure of homogeneity. Thus, a large difference in frequency would indicate the presence of a defect or flaw. One of the plates was found to have a large difference in longitudinal frequency (figure 1). The strength of this plate was much lower than that of the other plates tested and was well below the accepted quality control standard.
Fig 1: Difference in longitudinal frequency for some ceramic parts